Intellectual Developmental Disability (IDD)
Ability Covered
- Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
- Specific Learning Disability (SLD)
- Speech and Language Disorder
- Cerebral Palsy
- Down Syndrome
- Developmental Milestone Delay
- Intellectual Developmental Disability (IDD)
Core Ability Covered
Intellectual Developmental Disability (IDD)
Intellectual Developmental Disability (IDD) is a condition characterized by significant limitations in both intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior, originating before the age of 18.
Types
- Mild IDD: IQ 50-69
- Moderate IDD: IQ 35-49
- Severe IDD: IQ 20-34
- Profound IDD: IQ below 20
Characteristics :
- Intellectual impairment
- Adaptive behavior deficits
- Communication difficulties
- Social skills challenges
- Limited daily living skills
Causes
- Genetic conditions (e.g., Down syndrome)
- Prenatal exposure to toxins
- Birth injuries or complications
- Infections (e.g., meningitis)
- Environmental factors (e.g., poverty, neglect)
Diagnosis
- Comprehensive psychological evaluation
- Adaptive behavior assessments (e.g., Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales)
- Intellectual functioning tests (e.g., IQ tests)
- Medical evaluation
Interventions
- Early intervention and therapy
- Special education
- Occupational therapy
- Speech therapy
- Behavioral support
Om Sai Child Development Center’s Approach:
- Multidisciplinary team (Psychology, OT, PT, Speech)
- Comprehensive assessment and diagnosis
- Individualized treatment plans
- Family-centered care and education
- Ongoing monitoring and adjustments
Strategies for Parents/Caregivers
- Encourage independence
- Foster social interactions
- Develop communication skills
- Provide emotional support
- Access community resources
Resources
- American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (AAIDD)
- National Association of State Developmental Disabilities Directors (NASDDDS)
- World Health Organization (WHO)
Support and Accommodations
- Individualized Education Programs (IEPs)
- Section 504 Accommodations
- Home and Community-Based Services (HCBS)
- Respite care
- Support groups
Stages of IDD
- Infantile (0-3 years): developmental delays
- Toddlerhood (4-6 years): social and communication challenges
- Childhood (7-12 years): adaptive behavior deficits
- Adolescence (13-18 years): transition planning
- Adulthood: supported employment and independent living
Every individual with IDD is unique, and the severity and impact of symptoms vary widely.
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